Use of solid carrier for dyeing hydrophobic fibers

ABSTRACT

A process of coloring a hydrophobic fiber with a disperse or cationic dyestuff is disclosed using a dye carrier composition containing a carrier which is a solid at a temperature of at least 45*C in conjunction with a compound of the formula:

I United States Patent 1191 Dellian et al.

[ June 28, 1974 I USE OF SOLID CARRIER FOR DYEING HYDROPIIOBIC FIBERS 73 Assignee: Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Ardsley,

{22 Filed: Jan. 3, 1972 21 Appl. 190.; 215,097

52' US. Cl 8/173, 8/92,'8/174 [51] 1111. C1 D06p 5/04 58 Field of Search 8/173, 174, 92, 169

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,362,377 11/1944 Heymann 8/173 X 2,828.180 3/1958 Sertorio 8/174 X 3.057.674 10/1962 7 Musser et a1. 8/83 3.728.078 4/1973 Freshwater et al. 8/174 OTHER PUBLICATIONS A. M. Schwartz et al., Surface Active Agents 1949, page 51-52, Pub]. Interscience Publishers Inc., NY.

Primary Examiner-Th0mas J. Herbert, Jr. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Joseph G. Kolodny; Stanley A. Marcus; Edw. McC. Roberts 5 7 ABSTRACT A process of coloring a hydrophobic fiber with a dis perse or cationic dyestuff is disclosed using a dye carrier composition containing a carrier which is a solid at a temperature of at least 45C in conjunction with a compound of the formula:

7 Claims, N0 Drawings This invention concerns a dye carrier composition and the process utilizing such carrier composition for the coloring of synthetic hydrophobic fibers.

It is well known that many synthetic fibers because of the hydrophobic properties of the polymers which comprise them are difficult to color with dyestuffs following the usual dyeing methods.

Hydrophobic fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides, cellulose triacetate, and the like however have been readily dyed with disperse dyestuffs. initially such dyeing was carried out under pressure at temperatures generally in excess of 250 F. Such conditions added greatly to the cost and complexity of the dyeing process because of the equipment which was required. These difficulties have been reduced by the utilization of dyeing auxiliariessknown as carriers which facilitate the penetration of the fiber by the dyestuff by causing a swelling of the fiber.

The use of carriers in the dyeing of hydrophobic fibers has resulted in the realization of satisfactory dyeings at temperatures of '200-2l0 F in unpressurized solid may introduce a low degree of dispersability in the dye liquor causing specks and carrier stains on the fabric. When the solid carrier is compounded as 'a selfemulsifiable'powder or paste, a low degree of stability may result.

' Among the purposes of the present invention is to provide a new carrier composition for use in the process of coloring hydrophobic fibers such as polyesters, like polyethylene terephthalate sold under. trademarks such as Dacron, Terylene and Fortrel, cellulose triacetates, polyamides and the like.

and stability problem. The'constituent is of the formula:

wherein x is an integer from 5 to 8, preferably 7;

m isan integer from 6 to 8, preferably 7;

Z is SO H, OSO H or the alkali salt sodium;

Y is H, OH, SO l-l, OSO H or the alkali salt thereof such as sodium; I

R is C,,H and n is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably 5 A desirable example of the above compound is when xis7,mis7,ZisOSO l-I,YisHandnis5..

The carrier composition is utilized in the form of an emulsion which is added to the dyebath formulation, printing paste or prescouring bath. The solid carrier will be employed at l0 to 92 parts by weight to 8 to 90 parts by weight of the disclosed constituent.

In the carrier composition various additives may be employed. A suitable example is a sulfated alkylphenoxy polyethylene oxide or sodium salt wherein the alkyl group contains 6 to 20 carbon atoms such as 6 to 15 carbon atoms. A desirable additive is the sodium salt of The carrier composition of the'present invention is useful in coloring fibers with both disperse and cationic dyestuffs. For example, it is especially useful in coloring acid modified polyethylene terephthalate (Dacron) with cationic dyestuffs.

The carrier compound in the present composition will be a solid at normal room temperature and temperatures at least as high as 45 C. The term carrier is em ployed in its normal terminology in the art and enc0mpasses dyeing auxiliaries which facilitate the penetration of a hydrophobic fiber by a dyestuff by causing a.

. swelling of the fiber. As previously set forth the dyestuffs contemplated in conjunction with carrier composition includes disperse or cationic types.

Useful solid carrier components in the present disclosure include o-phenylphenol, biphenyl, phenyl benzoate, phenyl salicylate and napthalene.

In conjunction with the solid carrier component as defined herein is used a constituent which is critical and functions to essentially eliminate the dispersibility' lowing examples'are provided:

sulfated nonyl phenoxy (polyethylenoxy')ethanol.

A desirable carrier composition containing this latter additive is a mixture containing to 50 to'90 parts by weight of the solidcarrier such as phenyl benzoate, 3 to 10 parts by weight of the disclosed constituent of the formula: I

ll ZY CH3(CH2) disperse or cationic dyestuff and at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to color the fiber. A preferred amount of carrier to employ is considered to be from 0.5 to 6 parts per parts of fiber by weight. Generally temperatures of 200 to 210. F will be employed. r

The term fiber as used herein is meant to include filaments, bristles and fabrics and the like. it is not applicable to films and/or foils.

The process of coloring as used herein is meant to include both printing and dyeing using all the usual methods employing carriers'familiar to those skilled in the art. Both roller printing and screen printing are therefore included as well as dyeing by the beck, jig, padder, and other well known dyeing methods.

To further illustrate the innovative aspects the folthereof such as EXAMPLE 1 A dye carrier composition is prepared by emulsifying 70 parts by weight of phenylbenzoate with 13.5 parts of sodium oleylamylsulfate, parts of ethylene glycol and 1 1.5' parts of water.

l5 parts of the emulsion thus formed are added to a dyebath held at 85 C containing 2 parts by weight of a dyestuff of the formula:

based on the dry weight of 100 parts Dacron polyethylene"terephthalate fabric. The fabric is loaded in a beck at a liquor'ratio of 30: 1, run'for minutes at 40 C, and the temperature then is raised over 30 minutes to the boil and maintained at the boil for 1 hour. A very satisfactory yellow shade is obtained.

EXAMPLE 2 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated but employing 3 parts by weight of a dyestuff of the formula:

,. astrong reddish brown shade of excellent light fastness is obtained. 1

EXAMPLE 3 A printing paste is prepared containing 10 parts of the carrier compositiondescribedin Example l, 2.5 parts of a dyestuff of the formula:

3 parts alginate thickener, and 20 parts mineral spirits. A'polyethylene terephthalate cloth is printed with the paste and then the printed cloth is'cured for one minute at 35090 F. The cloth is then soaped and rinsed. A vivid reddish blue shade is obtained.

' EXAMPLE 4 Following thegeneral procedure of Example 1, a fabric of acid modified polyethylene terephthalate (Dacron 64) is dyed using 1.5 parts of a dyestuff of the formula:

A brilliant pink shade having good fastness properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 5 The procedure of Example l is repeated but employing 2.5 parts of the dyestuff of the'formula:

and 6 parts of the carrier emulsion composition. A vivid pink shade of excellent fastness is obtained.

EXAMPLE 6 A dye carrier composition is prepared by emulsifying 65 parts by weight of biphenyl with 15 parts of sodium oleylbutylsulfate and 20 parts of water. 12 lbs. o f the emulsion thus formed are added to a dyebath at C containing 1.5 lbs. of the disperse dye of the formula:

EXAMPLE 7 Fifty pounds of polyethylene terephthalate knitted fabric is prescoured at boilingtemperatures in a beck with a bath containing 6 percent by weight of the emulsion prepared in Example 6 for a period of 45 minutes. The scouring bath is removed, and the fabric rinsed with cold water. The fabric is then dyed in a bath containing 3 parts by weight of a disperse dyestuff of the formula:

C1 CH3 A A very fast deep orange shade results.

EXAMPLE 8 The procedure of Example 6 is repeated but employing the dyestuff of the formula:

OCH;

l O CH;

-A blue shade of good fastness results.

A brilliant violet shade of excellent fastness results.

EXAMPLE 9 The procedure of Example 6 is repeated but employing one part of the dyestuff of the formula:

N- cmn-ocHa I co 0 NH EXAMPLE 10 The procedure of Example 7 is repeated but using a mixture comprising two parts each of the compounds of the following formula:

EXAMPLE 1 l The procedure of Example I is repeated but with the following carrier composition:

70 parts phenyl benzoate r 9 parts sodium nonyl phenyl poly(ethylenoxy) ethanol sulfate 4.5 parts sodium oleyl amylester sulfate parts ethylene glycol 11.5 parts water While the invention has been described with particular reference to specific embodiments, it is to be understood that it is not to be limited thereto but is to be com strued rather broadly within the scope and extent of the appended claims. 7

What is claimed is:

1. In a process for coloring synthetic hydrophobic fibers with a disperse or cationic dyestuff in the. presence of a carrier, the improvement comprising said carrier composition consisting essentially of between 10 to 92 parts by weight of a carrier which is solid to a temperature of at least 45 C in conjunction with between 90 to 8 parts by weight of a compound of the formula:

. wherein x is an integer from 5 to 8; m is an integer from 5 to 8;

Z is SO H, OSO H, or the alkali salt thereof;

Y is H, OH, SO H, OSO H or the alkali salt thereof;

R is C I-l and n is an integer from I to 5.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein said solid carrier is selected from the group consisting of ophenylphenol, biphenyl, phenyl benzoate. phenyl salicylate, napthalene and mixtures thereof.

3. The process of claim 2 wherein said carrier is phenyl benzoate.

4. The process of claim 3 wherein said carrier is present at a concentration between 50 to 90 parts by weight while said compound is present between 5 to 10 parts by weight.

5. The process of claim 3 wherein x is 7, m is 7, Z is OSO H, Y is H and n is 5.

6. The process of claim 4 wherein said carrier composition contains between 10 to 20 parts of va sulfated alkylphenoxy polyethylene or sodium salt thereof wherein the alkyl group contains 6 to 20 carbon atoms.

7. The process of claim 1 wherein the carrier composition contains to 90 parts by weight of phenyl benzoate, 3 to 10. parts by weight of the amylester of the sodium salt of sulfonated oleic acid and 5 to 20 parts by weight of the sodium salt of sulfated nonylphenoxy poly (ethylenoxy) ethanol. 

2. The process of claim 1 wherein said solid carrier is selected from the group consisting of o-phenylphenol, biphenyl, phenyl benzoate, phenyl salicylate, napthalene and mixtures thereof.
 3. The process of claim 2 wherein said carrier is phenyl benzoate.
 4. The process of claim 3 wherein said carrier is present at a concentration between 50 to 90 parts by weight while said compound is present between 5 to 10 parts by weight.
 5. The process of claim 3 wherein x is 7, m is 7, Z is OSO3H, Y is H and n is
 5. 6. The process of claim 4 wherein said carrier composition contains between 10 to 20 parts of a sulfated alkylphenoxy polyethylene or sodium salt thereof wherein the alkyl group contains 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
 7. The process of claim 1 wherein the carrier composition contains 50 to 90 parts by weight of phenyl benzoate, 3 to 10 parts by weight of the amylester of the sodium salt of sulfonated oleic acid and 5 to 20 parts by weight of the sodium salt of sulfated nonylphenoxy poly (ethylenoxy) ethanol. 